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Chapter 6 of 18

आत्मसंयम योग

The Yoga of Self-Mastery

The mind is restless, turbulent, and obstinate — Arjuna says so, and Krishna does not disagree.

47 verses

Bhagavad Gita Chapter 6 — Summary

Chapter 6 turns from principle to practice. Having established that the liberated person acts without attachment, Krishna now describes how such a state is actually cultivated: through dhyana, meditation, and the disciplined life that supports it. This is the Gita's closest engagement with the yoga of formal contemplative practice.

It opens with a warning about self-reliance that has become one of the chapter's most quoted passages: lift yourself by yourself; do not degrade yourself. The self is the friend of the self, and also its enemy — friend to one who has conquered himself, enemy to one who has not. Nobody else can do this for you, and nobody else is doing it to you.

The practical instructions are unusually concrete. Sit in a clean place, neither too high nor too low, on a firm seat. Hold the body, head, and neck erect and still. Practise moderation in everything — yoga is not for one who eats too much or too little, sleeps too much or too little. The mind steadied this way is compared to a lamp in a windless place, which does not flicker. Then Arjuna raises the honest objection of every practitioner in history: the mind is restless, turbulent, strong, and obstinate; controlling it seems as hard as controlling the wind. Krishna concedes the point — undoubtedly the mind is restless and hard to curb — but says it is subdued by practice and dispassion. The chapter ends by reassuring Arjuna that no sincere seeker is ever lost, even if the effort falls short in this life.

Key Themes

You are your own instrument

Krishna's insistence that one must lift oneself by oneself, and that the self can be either one's best friend or one's worst enemy, places the entire burden of practice on the practitioner. No grace, teacher, or circumstance substitutes for the work of self-mastery.

The middle way of discipline

Yoga is explicitly not asceticism for its own sake. It is not for one who eats too much or fasts excessively, nor for one who sleeps too much or stays awake too long. Sorrow-destroying yoga belongs to the person moderate in food, recreation, work, sleep, and waking.

The lamp in a windless place

The image for a mind that has become steady: a flame that does not waver because nothing disturbs it. The point is that stillness is not forced rigidity — it is the natural condition of a mind no longer being blown about by craving.

Practice and dispassion

When Arjuna protests that the mind is as hard to hold as the wind, Krishna does not deny it. His answer is abhyasa and vairagya — persistent practice and non-attachment. The Gita's remedy for a restless mind is not a technique but a long habit.

No effort is wasted

Arjuna asks what becomes of the seeker who tries sincerely but fails. Krishna's answer is one of the most reassuring passages in the text: such a person is never destroyed, in this world or the next, and no one who does good ever comes to a bad end.

Key Verses of Chapter 6

BG 6.5

उद्धरेदात्मनात्मानं नात्मानमवसादयेत् | आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मनः ||६-५||

Lift yourself by yourself; the self is both the friend and the enemy of the self.

BG 6.17

युक्ताहारविहारस्य युक्तचेष्टस्य कर्मसु | युक्तस्वप्नावबोधस्य योगो भवति दुःखहा ||६-१७||

Yoga destroys sorrow for the one moderate in food, recreation, work, sleep, and waking.

BG 6.19

यथा दीपो निवातस्थो नेङ्गते सोपमा स्मृता | योगिनो यतचित्तस्य युञ्जतो योगमात्मनः ||६-१९||

As a lamp in a windless place does not flicker — the image of the disciplined mind.

BG 6.26

यतो यतो निश्चरति मनश्चञ्चलमस्थिरम् | ततस्ततो नियम्यैतदात्मन्येव वशं नयेत् ||६-२६||

Wherever the restless mind wanders, bring it back under the control of the self.

BG 6.34

चञ्चलं हि मनः कृष्ण प्रमाथि बलवद् दृढम् | तस्याहं निग्रहं मन्ये वायोरिव सुदुष्करम् ||६-३४||

Arjuna's honest complaint: the mind is restless, turbulent, and as hard to hold as the wind.

BG 6.35

श्रीभगवानुवाच | असंशयं महाबाहो मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम् | अभ्यासेन तु कौन्तेय वैराग्येण च गृह्यते ||६-३५||

Krishna's reply: yes — but it is subdued by practice and dispassion.

Where Chapter 6 Sits in the Gita

Chapter 5 described the inwardly still person who acts without being touched. Chapter 6 explains how that stillness is actually trained. Having covered action, knowledge, and now meditation, the Gita turns in Chapter 7 to the nature of the divine that all of it is aimed at.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does Bhagavad Gita Chapter 6 teach about meditation?

It gives practical instruction: a clean, steady seat, an erect and motionless posture, moderation in food, sleep, and activity, and a mind repeatedly brought back whenever it wanders. The steadied mind is compared to a lamp in a windless place. The chapter also insists that self-discipline cannot be outsourced — one must lift oneself by oneself.

What does Krishna say about controlling the restless mind?

When Arjuna says the mind is restless, turbulent, strong, and obstinate — as hard to control as the wind — Krishna agrees that it is difficult, but says it can be subdued through abhyasa (steady practice) and vairagya (dispassion). The Gita offers persistence rather than a shortcut.

What happens to someone who fails at yoga?

Arjuna asks whether a seeker who falls short is destroyed like a scattered cloud. Krishna answers that such a person is never lost in this world or the next, that no one who does good ever comes to grief, and that the effort carries over — the seeker is reborn in favourable circumstances and resumes from where they left off.

How many verses are in Bhagavad Gita Chapter 6?

Chapter 6 has 47 verses.

6.1

श्रीभगवानुवाच |

The Blessed Lord said He who performs his bounden duty without depending on the fruits of…

6.2

यं संन्यासमिति प्राहुर्योगं तं विद्धि पाण्डव |

Do thou, O Arjuna, know Yoga to be that which they call renunciation; no one verily become…

6.3

आरुरुक्षोर्मुनेर्योगं कर्म कारणमुच्यते |

For a sage who wishes to attain to Yoga, action is said to be the means; for the same sage…

6.4

यदा हि नेन्द्रियार्थेषु न कर्मस्वनुषज्जते |

When a man is not attached to the sense-objects or to actions, having renounced all though…

6.5

उद्धरेदात्मनात्मानं नात्मानमवसादयेत् |

One should raise oneself by one's Self alone; let not one lower oneself; for the Self alon…

6.6

बन्धुरात्मात्मनस्तस्य येनात्मैवात्मना जितः |

The Self is the friend of the self of him by whom the self has been conered by the Self, b…

6.7

जितात्मनः प्रशान्तस्य परमात्मा समाहितः |

The Supreme Self of him who is self-controlled and peaceful is balanced in cold and heat, …

6.8

ज्ञानविज्ञानतृप्तात्मा कूटस्थो विजितेन्द्रियः |

The Yogi who is satisfied with the knowledge and the wisdom (of the Self), who has conered…

6.9

सुहृन्मित्रार्युदासीनमध्यस्थद्वेष्यबन्धुषु |

He who is of the same mind to the good-hearted, friends, enemies, the indifferent, the neu…

6.10

योगी युञ्जीत सततमात्मानं रहसि स्थितः |

Let the Yogi try constantly to keep the mind steady, remaining in solitude, alone, with th…

6.11

शुचौ देशे प्रतिष्ठाप्य स्थिरमासनमात्मनः |

In a clean spot, having established a firm seat of his own, neither too high nor too low, …

6.12

तत्रैकाग्रं मनः कृत्वा यतचित्तेन्द्रियक्रियः |

There, having made the mind one-pointed, with the actions of the mind and the senses contr…

6.13

समं कायशिरोग्रीवं धारयन्नचलं स्थिरः |

Let him firmly hold his body, head and neck erect and still, gazing at the tip of his nose…

6.14

प्रशान्तात्मा विगतभीर्ब्रह्मचारिव्रते स्थितः |

Serene-minded, fearless, firm in the vow of a Brahmachari, having controlled the mind, thi…

6.15

युञ्जन्नेवं सदात्मानं योगी नियतमानसः |

Thus always keeping the mind balanced, the Yogi, with the mind controlled, attains to the …

6.16

नात्यश्नतस्तु योगोऽस्ति न चैकान्तमनश्नतः |

Verily Yoga is not possible for him who eats too much, nor for him who does not eat at all…

6.17

युक्ताहारविहारस्य युक्तचेष्टस्य कर्मसु |

Yoga becomes the destroyer of pain for him who is moderate in eating and recreation (such …

6.18

यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते |

When the perfectly controlled mind rests in the Self only, free from longing for all the o…

6.19

यथा दीपो निवातस्थो नेङ्गते सोपमा स्मृता |

As a lamp placed in a windless spot does not flicker to such is compared the Yogi of cont…

6.20

यत्रोपरमते चित्तं निरुद्धं योगसेवया |

When the mind, restrained by the practice of Yoga attains to quietude and when seeing the …

6.21

सुखमात्यन्तिकं यत्तद् बुद्धिग्राह्यमतीन्द्रियम् |

When he (the Yogi) feels that Infinite Bliss which can be grasped by the (pure) intellect …

6.22

यं लब्ध्वा चापरं लाभं मन्यते नाधिकं ततः |

Which, having obtained, he thinks there is no other gain superior to it; wherein estabishe…

6.23

तं विद्याद् दुःखसंयोगवियोगं योगसंज्ञितम् |

Let that be known by the name of Yoga, the severance from union with pain. This Yoga shoul…

6.24

सङ्कल्पप्रभवान्कामांस्त्यक्त्वा सर्वानशेषतः |

Abandoning without reserve all desires born of Sankalpa (thought and imagination) and comp…

6.25

शनैः शनैरुपरमेद् बुद्ध्या धृतिगृहीतया |

Little by little let him attain to ietude by the intellect held firmly; having made the mi…

6.26

यतो यतो निश्चरति मनश्चञ्चलमस्थिरम् |

From whatever cause the restless and unsteady mind wanders away, from that let him restrai…

6.27

प्रशान्तमनसं ह्येनं योगिनं सुखमुत्तमम् |

Supreme Bliss verily comes to this Yogi whose mind is ite peaceful, whose passion is ieted…

6.28

युञ्जन्नेवं सदात्मानं योगी विगतकल्मषः |

The Yogi, always engaging the mind thus (in the practice of Yoga), freed from sins, easily…

6.29

सर्वभूतस्थमात्मानं सर्वभूतानि चात्मनि |

With the mind harmonised by Yoga he sees the Self abiding in all beings and all beings in …

6.30

यो मां पश्यति सर्वत्र सर्वं च मयि पश्यति |

He who sees Me everywhere and sees everything in Me, he never becomes separated from Me, n…

6.31

सर्वभूतस्थितं यो मां भजत्येकत्वमास्थितः |

He who, being established in unity, worships Me Who dwells in all beings, that Yogi abides…

6.32

आत्मौपम्येन सर्वत्र समं पश्यति योऽर्जुन |

He who, through the likeness of the Self, O Arjuna, sees eality everywhere, be it pleasure…

6.33

अर्जुन उवाच |

Arjuna said This Yoga of eanimity taught by Thee, O Krishna, I do not see its steady cont…

6.34

चञ्चलं हि मनः कृष्ण प्रमाथि बलवद् दृढम् |

The mind verily is restless, turbulent, strong and unyielding, O Krishna: I deem it as dif…

6.35

श्रीभगवानुवाच |

The Blessed Lord said Undoubtedly, O mighty-armed Arjuna, the mind is difficult to contro…

6.36

असंयतात्मना योगो दुष्प्राप इति मे मतिः |

I think Yoga is hard to be attained by one of uncontrolled self, but the self-controlled a…

6.37

अर्जुन उवाच |

Arjuna said He who is unable to control himself though he has the faith, and whose mind w…

6.38

कच्चिन्नोभयविभ्रष्टश्छिन्नाभ्रमिव नश्यति |

Swami Sivananda did not comment on this sloka

6.39

एतन्मे संशयं कृष्ण छेत्तुमर्हस्यशेषतः |

This doubt of mine, O Krishna, do Thou dispel completely; because it is not possible for a…

6.40

श्रीभगवानुवाच |

The Blessed Lord said O Arjuna, neither in this world, nor in the next world is there des…

6.41

प्राप्य पुण्यकृतां लोकानुषित्वा शाश्वतीः समाः |

Having attained to the worlds of the righteous and having dwelt there for everlasting year…

6.42

अथवा योगिनामेव कुले भवति धीमताम् |

Or he is born in a family of even the wise Yogis; verily a birth like this is very difficu…

6.43

तत्र तं बुद्धिसंयोगं लभते पौर्वदेहिकम् |

Thee he comes in touch with the knowledge acired in his former body and strives more than …

6.44

पूर्वाभ्यासेन तेनैव ह्रियते ह्यवशोऽपि सः |

By that very former practice he is borne on in spite of himself. Even he who merely wishes…

6.45

प्रयत्नाद्यतमानस्तु योगी संशुद्धकिल्बिषः |

But the Yogi who strives with assiduity, purified of sins and perfected gradually through …

6.46

तपस्विभ्योऽधिको योगी ज्ञानिभ्योऽपि मतोऽधिकः |

The Yogi is thought to be superior to the ascetics and even superior to men of knowledge (…

6.47

योगिनामपि सर्वेषां मद्गतेनान्तरात्मना |

And among all the Yogis he who, full of faith and with his inner self merged in Me, worshi…